Transactional Analysis: Berne introduces the concept of Transactional Analysis (TA), which is a framework for understanding human behavior and communication patterns. TA involves analyzing the transactions or interactions between individuals to uncover underlying psychological dynamics.

Games: Berne identifies various "games" that people play in their interactions, which are repetitive patterns of behavior characterized by hidden agendas and ulterior motives. These games serve to maintain certain interpersonal dynamics and fulfill psychological needs.

Script Analysis: The book discusses how individuals develop "life scripts" or unconscious narratives that influence their behavior and interactions with others. Understanding these scripts can help individuals gain insight into their patterns of behavior and make conscious choices to change them.

Parent, Adult, Child (PAC): Berne introduces the concept of the Parent, Adult, and Child ego states, which represent different aspects of personality influenced by past experiences and social conditioning. Recognizing these ego states can facilitate better communication and interpersonal dynamics.

Strokes: Berne discusses the concept of "strokes," which are units of recognition, attention, or affirmation exchanged between individuals. Understanding how strokes are given and received can illuminate patterns of interaction and emotional dynamics in relationships.

Transactional Dynamics: The book explores the dynamics of transactions between individuals, including complementary, crossed, and ulterior transactions. These transactional patterns shape the quality of relationships and can lead to misunderstandings or conflicts if not recognized.

Rackets: Berne describes "rackets" as repetitive patterns of behavior driven by unconscious psychological needs, such as seeking attention, validation, or avoiding vulnerability. Recognizing and addressing these underlying needs can lead to more authentic and fulfilling relationships.

Games in Therapy: The book discusses how the concepts of TA can be applied in psychotherapy to help individuals uncover and address dysfunctional patterns of behavior and communication. Therapeutic interventions aim to facilitate greater self-awareness and personal growth.

Social Scripts: Berne examines the societal and cultural scripts that shape social norms, roles, and expectations. Understanding these scripts can help individuals navigate social interactions and challenge limiting beliefs or stereotypes.

Personal Responsibility: Berne emphasizes the importance of taking personal responsibility for one's own thoughts, feelings, and actions in relationships. By becoming aware of unconscious patterns and making conscious choices, individuals can create more authentic and satisfying connections with others.