Trait Approach: Discusses early theories that focused on identifying specific traits or characteristics associated with effective leaders, such as intelligence, charisma, and decisiveness.

Skills Approach: Explores the idea that leadership skills can be developed and improved, encompassing technical, human, and conceptual skills essential for effective leadership.

Style Approach: Examines leadership styles, including task-oriented, relationship-oriented, and adaptive styles, and how they impact organizational outcomes.

Situational Approach: Discusses leadership as contingent upon the situation, proposing that effective leaders adapt their style based on the context and the readiness or maturity of their followers.

Contingency Theory: Explores how various situational factors, such as the leader-follower relationship, task structure, and position power, influence leadership effectiveness.

Path-Goal Theory: Focuses on how leaders can motivate followers by clarifying paths toward goals, offering support, removing obstacles, and providing rewards.

Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory: Explores the quality of the relationship between leaders and individual followers, emphasizing the significance of differentiated relationships within a team.

Transformational Leadership: Discusses leaders who inspire and motivate followers by fostering innovation, encouraging change, and promoting a shared vision.

Transactional Leadership: Covers leaders who use rewards and punishments to motivate followers, emphasizing task completion and adherence to established rules and procedures.

Authentic Leadership: Discusses the importance of genuine and ethical leadership, where leaders are true to themselves and their values, fostering trust and credibility.