Caste System: The book provides a vivid portrayal of the caste system in India, particularly focusing on the experiences of Dalits (formerly known as "untouchables").

Family History: Gidla shares her family's history, spanning multiple generations, and explores how caste dynamics shaped their lives and opportunities.

Social Injustice: The book delves into the social injustices faced by Dalits, including discrimination, oppression, and limited access to education and employment opportunities.

Resistance and Activism: Despite facing systemic barriers, the book highlights instances of resistance, activism, and efforts to challenge caste-based discrimination and inequality.

Personal Narratives: Through personal narratives and stories of individuals within her family and community, Gidla humanizes the impact of caste-based discrimination on people's lives.

Education as Empowerment: The role of education as a tool for empowerment and social mobility is a recurring theme, showcasing how education can challenge traditional caste hierarchies.

Political Landscape: The book also touches upon the political landscape in India, including the rise of Dalit activism and movements for social justice.

Intersectionality: Gidla explores intersectional identities, including gender and caste, highlighting the unique challenges faced by Dalit women in Indian society.

Historical Context: "Ants Among Elephants" provides historical context, tracing the evolution of the caste system and its enduring impact on modern India.

Empathy and Understanding: Ultimately, the book encourages empathy, understanding, and awareness of caste-based discrimination and its implications for individuals and communities.